Economist Report : BASEL III- IMPLEMENTATION & CHALLENGES

 OVERVIEW

The third Basel accord is an international regulatory framework governing capital adequacy norms, stress testing and other liquidity related risks for banks around the world. It should be noted that adopting the framework is voluntary. The measures prescribed under the framework serve as a minimum standard for central banks around the globe to adopt in their home countries. The purpose of Basel-III was to strengthen the banking system and address the relevant risk factors in the wake of the 2007-08 financial crisis.

The second Basel accord had apparently lacked in the following respects-

·         Insufficient capital reserves

·         Lack of a uniform definition of capital

·         Underestimation of liquidity risk

The third accord attempts to overcome the above shortcomings as well as better address counterparty credit risk.

Basel-III was agreed upon by the members of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS), one of the committees of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). BIS is of the nature of a limited international company owned by member central banks (including Reserve Bank of India). BIS is located in Basel, Switzerland. One of the purposes of BIS is to foster discussion and collaboration among central banks and serving as a banker to the central banks.

Apart from India, other members include China, South Africa, European Union, France, Germany, United States et al.

The full implementation of Basel-III is set to be completed by 31^st March, 2019.

The third Basel accord can be seen as addressing the following requirements-

·         Strengthening the global capital framework (ensuring minimum capital requirements and buffers)

·        Introduction of a global liquidity standard ( LCR-Liquidity Coverage Ratio, NSFR- Net Stable Funding Ratio)

Economist Report : GDP Quarter -1 , FY 2014-15 Results: First Cut

GDP is defined as Gross Domestic Production, which is total market value of all the goods and services produces within a country in a defined time period. The values used are market values of the final goods and services.

In India, GDP is calculated on the basis of GVA (Gross Value Added) by each industry at the basic prices. Previously, GDP was calculated on the basis of the factor prices. GVA is value of output less the value of intermediate consumption. GDP is sum of GVA for each sector net of taxes and subsidies.

GVA approach for calculating GDP

GVA at basic prices was INR 25.80 lakh Cr for Q1 FY16 as against INR 24.10 lakh Cr for Q1 FY15.  Thereby, it transcended by 7.10% y-o-y.  CSO (Central Statistical Office) divided Indian industry into following subheads:

a.      Agriculture, forestry and fishing

Ø  Quarterly GVA at basic prices for this sector grew at 1.9% in Q1 FY16. It had grown at (1.4%) in Q4 FY 15 and 2.6% in Q1 FY15.

Ø  This sector is further decomposed into fruits, vegetables and crops; and live stock, forestry and fisheries. Share of both sub sector is shown in the graph given below:

1st Quarter Analysis Report: ESAB India Ltd. (BUY; Estimated Price: Rs. 850)

ESAB India is a leading supplier of welding and cutting products and has its manufacturing facilities located in various states of India. The company had undergone some significant changes recently. First, Mr Rohit Gambhir became the new Managing Director of the Company with effect from 1st November, 2014. Second, this March, the company changed its financial year from calendar year basis to April to March pattern in order to comply with the requirements of Section 2(41) of the Companies Act, 2013. Third, following a review of manufacturing capacities of the Company's consumable Plant locations, the Board of Directors took the decision to discontinue operations of the Consumables Plant at Khardah, Kolkata. As a result, there was an exceptional expenditure of Rs. 11.63 crores arising out of Impairment loss on fixed assets and one time settlement made to contractors at Khardah Plant. This effected into a negative PAT of Rs. 4.57 crores for the March, 2015 quarter.

The latest quarterly report of June, 2015 reflects that operations are back to normal for ESAB India now. There is no exceptional expenditure during June, 2015 quarter. Although total income from operations has decreased from Rs. 113.89 crores in June, 2014 quarter to Rs. 108.97 crores this quarter, net profit has increased from Rs. 6.49 crores to Rs. 7.81 crores in the same period (Refer Exhibit I). In other words, net profit margin has increased from 5.70% in June, 2014 to 7.17% in June, 2015 quarter.

Looking segment wise, Rs. 79.22 crores of sales, i.e. 73.37%, were pertaining to welding consumables and Rs. 28.75 crores, 26.63%, pertaining to equipment products.

Overall, sales of ESAB India have been more or less consistent in the last few quarters, as can be seen in Exhibit I. ESAB India is still debt free which enables it to have a strong core. Given the improvement in economy and decline in inflation, it is our assumption that this industry will grow in the near future. ESAB India should be able to take full advantage of this opportunity and generate huge profits.

The current market price of ESAB India is Rs. 601.20 in NSE. Using the discounted cash flow method, we projected the stock price of ESAB India to be around Rs. 850.

EXHIBIT - I

Profit & Loss Statement of Last 5 Quarters

(Rs. in Crores)	Jun-15	Mar-15	Dec-14	Sep-14	Jun-14
Net Income from operations	107.97	105.28	109.77	107.64	112.47
Other Operating Income	1.00	1.31	1.73	1.17	1.42
Total Income from Operations	108.97	106.59	111.50	108.81	113.89
Other Income	1.54	2.70	3.10	1.94	1.98
Total Income	110.51	109.29	114.60	110.75	115.87
Expenses
Cost of materials consumed	59.97	58.23	58.11	56.36	57.51
Purchase of stock in-trade	10.03	13.39	11.47	11.03	13.34
Changes in inventories of finished goods, WIP and stock in trade	-2.76	-2.25	4.12	2.72	0.33
Employee benefits expense	10.86	11.23	11.77	10.68	11.42
Other expenses	18.62	19.09	18.95	20.08	17.78
Total operating expenses	96.72	99.69	104.42	100.87	100.38
EBITDA	13.79	9.60	10.18	9.88	15.49
Depreciation and amortisation	2.40	2.54	2.84	2.79	2.82
Profit from ordinary activities before finance costs and exceptional items	11.39	7.06	7.34	7.09	12.67
Finance costs	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Profit from ordinary activities after finance costs but before exceptional items	11.39	7.06	7.34	7.09	12.67
Exceptional items	0.00	11.63	0.00	0.54	3.55
Profit before Tax (PBT)	11.39	-4.57	7.34	6.55	9.12
Tax Expense	3.58		2.24	1.57	2.63
Net profit after tax (PAT)	7.81	-4.57	5.10	4.98	6.49

About the Author

This report has been prepared by Mridul and Sanyam Mittal. Both are pursuing MBA from Institute of Management, Nirma University located in Ahmedabad, India.

Disclaimer

This document is solely for the personal information of the recipient, and must not be singularly used as the basis of any investment decision. Nothing in this document should be construed as investment or financial advice. Each recipient of this document should make such investigations as they deem necessary to arrive at an independent evaluation of an investment in the securities of the companies referred to in this document (including the merits and risks involved), and should consult their own advisors to determine the merits and risks of such an investment.

The information in this document has been printed on the basis of publicly available information, internal data and other reliable sources believed to be true, but we do not represent that it is accurate or complete and it should not be relied on as such, as this document is for general guidelines only.

Analyst Report : State Bank of India , Quarterly Report, Q1 , FY 2015-16

Here is an interpretation made on the basis of these results and the company’s performance in a nut shell. 

Operating profit of the company increases to 21.90% of the total income as compared to 21.17% to 2014 March quarter. With this the net profit of the company goes to 6.61% of total income as compared to 6.32% for the same quarter previous year. Other income increases to 23.66% of total income vs.  21.09 % for the same quarter last year. Interest expended of the company reduces to 63.32 % of the total income as compared to 64.27% for the same quarter previous year. Gross NPA ratio is down by 66 bps to 4.90% in Q1 FY 15 as against 5.56% in Q1 FY 14. Overall company’s performance is better than the last year.

Economist Report : MAY 2015- INDEX OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION ANALYSIS

MAY 2015- INDEX OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION ANALYSIS

The quick estimates of the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) for the month of May were released on 10^th July 2015 by the Central Statistics Office (CSO). The base for IIP is the fiscal year 2004-05. The IIP as an index measures the growth in the activity levels of various sectors of the economy.

The index as compiled by the CSO reflects growth in the form of ‘Use-Based’ goods produced within the country as well as on the basis of the National Industrial Classification (NIC-2004).

The ‘Use-Based’ classification has been shown in Table 1 along with the weights assigned to each of the categories. The industries included in the NIC-2004 based compilation has been included in Appendix 1.

Table 1 IIP (Use Based)

CATEGORY	WEIGHT
BASIC GOODS	456.82
CAPITAL GOODS	88.25
INTERMEDIATE GOODS	156.86
CONSUMER GOODS
·         DURABLES	84.60
·         NON-DURABLES	213.47
IIP INDEX	1000.00